Can You Mix Serenade With Copper? Organic Farmers Want to Know

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leaves showing disease symptoms

8/17/2022 – Update. We have several more products in our “organic toolbox” now than we did eight years ago, but Serenade and copper are still important ones that we use. (Still receiving comments on this post; thanks for the feedback). In response to a comment received on 5/25/2021, use the recommended rates on the Serenade and copper labels.

10/1/2013 – On several occasions this summer the question was posed to me if it was okay to mix the fungicide Serenade with copper. Serenade is a biological fungicide that is OMRI approved and can be used in certified organic production systems. I have used Serenade tank-mixed with copper for many years in my studies (Organic Heirloom Studies) and on my own farm. At an organic tomato workshop this summer, one of the attendees said that Serenade and copper should not be mixed together because the copper would inactivate the Bacillus subtilis in the Serenade, rendering it ineffective. When I returned to my office I did a Google search on the topic and indeed found two university extension articles and several non-professional articles that said the two products should not be mixed because the copper would inactivate the Bacillus subtilis.

Concerned that I might not be giving out the best information, I contacted my resident plant pathologist who passed my question on to the folks at Bayer CropScience. Dr. Dennis Warkentin quickly responded, and with his permission, here is what he said,

 “…please be assured that it is perfectly fine to tank-mix Serenade and copper. The Serenade product brands (ASO, Max, and Optimum) contain fungicidal lipopeptides and bactericidal molecules that are metabolites of the Bacillus, and production of these compounds is maximized during the fermentation process. Our proprietary strain of Bacillus subtilis, QST 713, produces the highest level of lipopeptides of any other known strain. When used as a foliar application, it is these metabolites – not the Bacillus spores — that provide the protective benefit against pathogens on leaf and fruit surfaces. The organism itself actually has a very short lifespan on foliar surfaces where it is exposed to UV light, and does not colonize above-ground plant surfaces. (Serenade Soil, on the other hand, does sporulate in the soil in response to root exudates, colonizing growing roots and offering a physical protective barrier as well as extended lipopeptide production).

 
The bottom line is, copper has no effect on the metabolic chemical ingredients of Serenade that are giving the disease protection, so has no detrimental effect on the product’s above-ground performance. Inactivation of the Bacillus spores, whether it occurs or not, is of no concern.”

Dr. Denise Manker, also of Bayer CropScience, asked me to add that that there is also no loss of foliar activity due to UV/sunlight.

So, those of us who find Serenade plus copper to be effective can continue to use it without concern that we are losing some activity as a result and others might want to try it out next season. Remember that according to the National Organic Program, copper must be used in a manner that minimizes accumulation in the soil.

And thank you to Dr. Warkentin and Dr. Manker for the speedy replies!

Reviewed and updated by Jeanine Davis, NC Alternative Crops & Organics Program, Department of Horticultural Science, NC State University.